Along with other factors, comparing current sector valuations to longer-term averages has helped investors as they make decisions about whether to rotate in or out of specific sectors.
For example, the first thing to notice on both the price-to-earnings (P/E) and price-to-book (P/B) charts below is how, the most current measurement is above the top quartile of the distribution. In other words, during this period, more than 75% of the measurements would have been lower than the current level.
Having previously examined small caps’valuations relative to their profitability and long-term EPS growth forecasts and the relative valuations of equities and bonds, we now turn our focus to small caps’valuations relative to their larger peers.
Small-cap stocks have underperformed large-cap and mid-cap stocks by about 35% over the last five years and by roughly 10% this year, both periods ending Sept. 30. This has led to unusually low valuations for small caps.
Certain shades of value have done better than others over time. Valuation measures such as price to book, forward price to earnings and enterprise value to operating cash flow are widely used to identify stocks that may be viewed as inexpensive.
The enterprise multiple was the most resilient of the three value measures over the last decade in the U.S., in a period that was not favorable for value stocks. That trend has continued as firms with a high enterprise multiple have significantly outperformed those with a high book-value multiple over the past year.