There is still more work to do to stimulate domestic demand

By Melissa Lucas

Chinese economy which has been struggling with the deflation is set to face two major drags simultaneously, that is property-sector ills, coupled with the prohibitive US tariffs, which will make China risks a spiral into deep deflation as it diverts US-bound exports to domestic markets.

As incredibly high tariffs block US orders for Chinese goods, China has been striving to help exporters to divert sales to the domestic market. Obviously China's huge domestic market is a crucial buffer for exporters in weathering external shocks, but the side effect in terms of ferocious price war among Chinese companies is inevitable.

Also an influx of discounted goods intended for US market would ultimately erode companies' profitability, which in turn weigh on the unemployment. The uncertain job prospects and concerns about the income stability have already been contributing to weak consumer demand.

After hovering just above zero in 2023 and 2024, the consumer price index slipped into negative territory, declining for two straight months in February and March. The producer price index fell for a 29th consecutive month in March, down 2.5% from a year earlier, to clock its steepest decline in four months.

As the trade war knocks down export orders, deflation in China’s wholesale prices will likely deepen to 2.8% in April, from 2.5% in March. For the full year, expects China’s CPI to fall to 0%, from a 0.2% year-on-year growth in 2024, and PPI to decline by 1.6% from a 2.2% drop last year.

All in all, there is still more room for Beijing to stimulate the economy, rather than only helping exporters offload goods impacted by US tariffs, which is just a stopgap measure. Despite the increasing calls for more robust stimulus, it seems Beijing will likely wait and see more concrete signs of economic deterioration before it exercises fiscal firepower. The most pressing issue is the stimulus of domestic demand, which will ultimately entail deep reform.

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